Lesson 19: Teacher Guide & Master Solutions
Demonstratives • Subject-Verb & Noun Agreement
The Cascading Nature of Pluralization:
This lesson challenges Grade 2 students to perform multi-element grammatical adjustments. Changing singular this to plural these requires mutating irregular nouns (man → men, woman → women, goose → geese), applying spelling rules (lady → ladies, box → boxes, cherry → cherries, fly → flies), and matching verb number (is → are, was → were, has → have).
Section A: Master Transformation Key (8 Sentences):
1. This man is old. → These men are old. (Irregular noun men, plural verb are).
2. This boy was skating. → These boys were skating. (Regular noun boys, plural past verb were).
3. This lady has a bonnet. → These ladies have bonnets. (Spelling change -ies, verb have, plural object bonnets).
4. This box has a lid. → These boxes have lids. (-es ending for boxes, verb have, plural object lids).
5. You may eat this cherry. → You may eat these cherries. (Object noun pluralizes to cherries; modal verb may eat remains unchanged).
6. Was this fly on the wall? → Were these flies on the wall? (Inverted question mark: auxiliary Were + plural flies; keeps terminal ?).
7. Give this woman some money. → Give these women some money. (Irregular noun women; non-count noun money remains singular).
8. This goose has white wings. → These geese have white wings. (Irregular mutation plural geese, plural verb have).
Linguistic Transformations Breakdown:
• Irregular Noun Mutations: man → men | woman → women | goose → geese.
• Consonant + Y Rules: lady → ladies | cherry → cherries | fly → flies.
• Sibilant Ending (-x): box → boxes.
• Verb Concord: is → are | was → were | has → have.
| Evaluation Criterion |
Exemplary (4) |
Proficient (3) |
Developing (1-2) |
| Demonstrative Agreement |
Correctly changes this to these across all 8 sentences. |
Changes this to these in 7 of 8 sentences. |
Leaves this unchanged or confuses with those. |
| Noun Pluralization |
Mastery of irregulars (men, women, geese) and spelling rules (-ies, -es). |
1-2 minor spelling errors in plural nouns (e.g., *ladys or *gooses). |
Frequently misses plural noun transformations. |
| Verb & Object Concord |
All verbs correctly match plural subjects (are, were, have) and objects (bonnets, lids). |
1 subject-verb disagreement (e.g., *these men is old). |
Fails to adjust verbs to agree with plural subjects. |
| Mechanics & Handwriting |
First words capitalized, question mark preserved in #6, periods in all others. |
1 punctuation slip; handwriting remains legible. |
Omitted punctuation marks, uncapitalized sentence beginnings. |